土工布使用的领域及其施工方法 The application fields and construction methods of geotextiles

土工布又称土工织物，它是由合成纤维通过针刺或编织而成的透水性土工合成材料。土工布的特点有很多，如下所示：

Geotextiles, also known as geotextiles, are permeable geosynthetic materials made from synthetic fibers that are needle punched or woven. There are many characteristics of geotextile, as follows:

1、强力高，由于使用塑料纤维，在干湿状态下都能保持充分的强力和伸长。

1. High strength, due to the use of plastic fibers, it can maintain sufficient strength and elongation in both dry and wet conditions.

2、耐腐蚀，在不同的酸碱度的泥土及水中能长久地耐腐蚀。

2. Corrosion resistance, able to withstand corrosion for a long time in soil and water with different acidity and alkalinity.

3、透水性好 在纤维间有空隙，故有良好的渗水性能。

3. Good water permeability lies in the presence of gaps between fibers, which leads to good water permeability.

4、抗微生物性好 对微生物、虫蛀均不受损害。

4. Good resistance to microorganisms and insect damage.

5、施工方便，由于材质轻、柔，故运送、铺设、施工方便。

5. Convenient construction, due to its lightweight and flexible material, it is easy to transport, lay, and construct.

6、规格齐全： 幅宽可达9米。是目前国内最宽产品，单位面积质量：100-1000g/㎡。

6. Complete specifications: up to 9 meters in width. It is currently the widest product in China, with a unit area mass of 100-1000g/㎡.

土工布的作用

The role of geotextile

1：隔离

1: Isolation

利用涤纶短纤针刺土工布对具有不同物理性质(粒径大小、分布、稠度及密度等)的建筑材料(如土体与沙粒、土体与混凝土等)进行隔离。使两种或多种材料间不流失，不混杂，保持材料的整体结构和功能，使构筑物载承能力加强。

Use polyester short fiber needle punched geotextile to isolate building materials with different physical properties (such as particle size, distribution, consistency, and density), such as soil and sand particles, soil and concrete. Ensure that two or more materials are not lost or mixed, maintain the overall structure and function of the materials, and enhance the load-bearing capacity of the structure.

2：过滤(反滤)

2: Filtration

当水由细料土层流入粗料土层时，利用涤纶短纤针刺土工布良好的透气性和透水性，使水流通过，而有效地截流土颗粒，细沙、小石料等，以保持水土工程的稳定。

When water flows from the fine soil layer to the coarse soil layer, the polyester short fiber needle punched geotextile has good breathability and water permeability, allowing water flow to pass through and effectively intercepting soil particles, fine sand, small stones, etc. to maintain the stability of water and soil engineering.

3：排水

3: Drainage

涤纶短纤针刺土工布具有良好的导水性能，它可以土体内部形成排水通道，将土体结构内多余液体和气体外排。

Polyester short fiber needle punched geotextile has good water conductivity, which can form drainage channels inside the soil and discharge excess liquid and gas from the soil structure.

4：加筋

4: Reinforcement

利用涤纶短纤针刺土工布增强土体的抗拉强度和抗变形能力，增强建筑结构的稳定性，以改善土体质量。

Utilizing polyester short fiber needle punched geotextile to enhance the tensile strength and deformation resistance of soil, enhance the stability of building structures, and improve soil quality.

5：防护

5: Protection

水流对土体冲刷时，有效的将集中应力扩散，传递或分解，防止土体受外力作用而破坏，其保护土壤。

When water flows through soil, it effectively diffuses, transfers, or decomposes concentrated stress, preventing soil from being damaged by external forces and protecting the soil.

6：防穿刺

6: Puncture prevention

与土工膜结合成为复合防水防渗材料，起到防穿刺的作用。抗拉强度高、渗透性好、透气性能、耐高温、抗冷冻、耐老化、耐腐蚀、不虫蛀。

Combined with geomembrane, it becomes a composite waterproof and anti-seepage material, playing a role in preventing puncture. High tensile strength, good permeability, breathability, high temperature resistance, freezing resistance, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, and non insect infestation.

涤纶短纤针刺土工布是一种应用广泛的土工合成材料。广泛用于铁路路基的加筋、公路路面的养护、运动馆、堤坝的防护、水工建筑的隔离、遂洞、沿海滩涂、围垦、环保等工程。

Polyester short fiber needle punched geotextile is a widely used geosynthetic material. Widely used for reinforcement of railway subgrade, maintenance of highway pavement, sports hall, dam protection, isolation of hydraulic structures, tunneling, coastal mudflat, reclamation, environmental protection and other projects.