测试土工布及相关材料检测有哪些？ What are the tests for geotextiles and related materials?

土工布是由合成纤维通过针刺或编织而成的透水性土工合成材料。土工格栅分为塑料土工格栅、钢塑土工格栅、玻璃纤维土工格栅和聚酯经编涤纶土工格栅四大类。格栅是用聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯等高分子聚合物经热塑或模压而成的二维网格状或具有一定高度的三维立体网格屏栅，当作为土木工程使用时，称为土工格栅。土工布及土工格栅是用途比较广泛的土工材料，为了确保它们的质量，一般需要进行哪些方面性能的检测呢？

Geotextile is a permeable geosynthetic material made from synthetic fibers through needle punching or weaving. Geogrids are divided into four categories: plastic geogrids, steel plastic geogrids, glass fiber geogrids, and polyester warp knitted polyester geogrids. Grille is a two-dimensional grid or three-dimensional grid with a certain height formed by thermoplastic or molded high polymer materials such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride. When used in civil engineering, it is called a geogrid. Geotextiles and geogrids are widely used geotechnical materials. In order to ensure their quality, what aspects of performance testing are generally required?

为您介绍土工布及土工格栅相关试验：

Introduce the relevant tests of geotextile and geogrid to you:

1、拉伸强度：在拉伸试验中，试样直至断裂为止所受的大拉伸应力即为拉伸强度，在学术界称之为抗拉强度。

1. Tensile strength: In a tensile test, the large tensile stress experienced by the specimen until fracture is called tensile strength, which is referred to in academia as tensile strength.

2、延伸率：延伸率即试样拉伸断裂后标距段的总变形与原标距长度之比的百分数。

2. Elongation rate: Elongation rate refers to the percentage of the total deformation of the gauge length segment of the specimen after tensile fracture compared to the original gauge length.

3、撕裂强度：它是测定薄膜或薄片耐撕裂性的一个试验方法中定义的一个术语。该方法是将切有规定裂口的试样在专门的试验机上进行的一种撕裂试验。

3. Tear strength: It is a term defined in a test method for determining the tear resistance of thin films or sheets. This method is a tearing test conducted on specimens with specified cracks on a specialized testing machine.

4、顶破强度：以CBR仪的圆柱顶杆均匀垂直顶压于土工合成材料平面时,土工合成材料所能承受的最大顶压力。

4. Breaking strength: The maximum top pressure that a geosynthetic material can withstand when uniformly and vertically pressed against the plane of the geosynthetic material using the cylindrical top rod of the CBR instrument.

5、厚度：用于土工布合成材料在不同的压力和规定的受压时间,测试其厚度。

5. Thickness: Used to test the thickness of geotextile composite materials under different pressures and specified compression times.

6、单位面积质量：裁取面积为10000平方厘米 的试样10块，将裁好的试样按编号顺序逐一在天平上称量，读数精确到0.01ｇ；裁取有代表性的试样10块，试样尺寸不小于基准版的面积，将试样自然平放在基准板与压块之间，轻轻放下压块，使试样收到的压力为2MPa，接触开始计时，30s时读数，精确到0.01ｍｍ。

6. Mass per unit area: Cut 10 samples with an area of 10000 square centimeters, and weigh the cut samples one by one on the balance in numbered order, with readings accurate to 0.01g; Cut 10 representative samples with a size not less than the area of the reference plate. Place the sample naturally flat between the reference plate and the pressure block, and gently lower the pressure block until the sample receives a pressure of 2MPa. When in contact, start timing, and read within 30s, accurate to 0.01mm.

7、 渗透系数：渗透系数又称水力传导系数。在各向同性介质中，它定义为单位水力梯度下的单位流量，表示流体通过孔隙骨架的难易程度。

7. Permeability coefficient: Permeability coefficient, also known as hydraulic conductivity coefficient. In isotropic media, it is defined as the unit flow rate under a unit hydraulic gradient, indicating the difficulty of fluid passing through the pore framework.

土工格栅常规检测包括：外观、物理性能（包括：单位面积质量测定、幅度测定、网孔尺寸测定）；力学性能（包括：条带拉伸试验 、接头/接缝宽条拉伸试验、粘焊点）。

Routine testing of geogrids includes: appearance and physical properties (including: mass measurement per unit area, amplitude measurement, and mesh size measurement); Mechanical properties (including strip tensile test, joint/seam wide strip tensile test, and solder joint).